i'm not sure about this one but i would tend to lean towards no they don't. i think we are a giant step ahead from other animals, sure animals love their offspring etc., but humans seem to be much more than that. we have the 'intelligence' to wonder if there is a God or not
How do you know other animals don't do that?
(why the heck should we even be able to do anything like this!),
Because of the part of our brain that looks for agents behind everything.
we have the intelligence to figure out the deepest laws that govern our universe,
I though you said souls give us morality, not intelligence? It is clear that intelligence is dependent on how developed the brain is.
we care about what happens to people on the other side of the planet, we love people who are not related to us, we experience beautiful emotions,
Again, how do you know that is exclusive to humans?
we have detailed moral codes on what's right and wrong.
Other great apes can make judgements about fairness, they can offer help to both other apes and other animals, even when there is no reward for them, they have consciences, they show awareness of 'obligations', they repay favours etc. Morality isn't limited to humans.
In addition we grow, we change, we learn, we become different - we get better. Other animals just tend to stay the same.
But other animals do all of what you just mentioned.
I can't prove any of this is because of a soul (or indeed whether the soul affects our intelligence in a positive manner), but i can't help but think there is something special within us humans that makes us stand out rather than a few genetic changes compared to apes.
Why, because genetic changes aren't enough? Because man is not capable of beauty without some supernatural aid? What would happen if we lose our souls, would we all become rapists/murderers who are incapable of adding 2+2? I've said it before and I'll say it again - stop making nature and humanity vile!